产品属性

材质

三元乙丙

适用范围

阀门

性质

耐高压

品牌

其他

型号

AS568

截面形状

O型

所有参数

O型圈

O型橡胶密封圈是通过在模具中硫化形成其截面成圆形的环状密封圈。它具有结构简单、性能可靠、价格低廉、易于选配等独特的优点。它的规格尺寸用它的内径d1和圆状横截面直径d2来定义，我公司可提供各种尺寸的O型圈，标准材料有丁氰橡胶NBR,氟橡胶FKM，三元乙丙橡胶EPDM,硅橡胶VMQ，氢化丁氰橡胶HNBR，氟硅橡胶FVMQ，氯丁橡胶CR等，其他材料也可提供，请咨询我公司。

大部分国家对O形密封圈都制定系列产品标准，其中美国标准（AS 568）、日本标准（JISB2401）国际标准（ISO 3601/1）较为通用。

O型圈标准一览表

标准	O型圈截面直径
美国标准AS 568A	1.78	2.62	3.53	5.33	7
英国标准BS 1806	1.78	2.62	3.53	5.33	7
英国标准BS 4518	1.6	2.4	3	5.7	8.4
瑞典标准SMS1586	1.6	2.4	3	5.7	8.4
法国标准R	1.9	2.7	3.6	5.33	6.99
日本标准JIS B 2401	1.9	2.4	3.1	3.5	5.7	8.4
国际标准ISO 3601/1	1.8	2.65	3.55	5.3	7
德国标准DIN 3771/1
中国标准GB 3452.1
中国标准GB 1235-1976	1.9	2.4	3.1	3.5	5.7	8.6
优先的公制尺寸	1	1.5	2	2.5	3	3.5
	4	4.5	5	5.5	6	7
	8	10	12
美国标准AS 568	1.02	1.42	1.63	1.83	1.98	2.08
（900系列）	2.21	2.46	2.95	3

O形密封圈是一种自动双向作用密封元件。安装时其径向和轴向方面的预压缩赋与O形密封圈自身的初始密封能力。它随系统压力的提高而增大。

工矿条件如下：

	静态密封	动态密封
工作压力	无挡圈时，**可达20MPa	无挡圈时，**可达5MPa
	有挡圈时，**可达40MPa	有挡圈时，较高压力
	用特殊挡圈时，**可达200MPa
运动速度	往复速度可达0.5m/s，旋转速度可达2.0m/s。
温度	一般场合：-30℃～+110℃；特殊橡胶：-60℃～+250℃；旋转场合：-30℃～+80℃

O形密封圈如何选择：
1.工作介质和工作条件
在具体选取O形圈材料时，首先要考虑与工作介质的相容性，还须终合考虑其密封处的压力、温度、连续工作时间、运行周期等工作条件。若用在旋转场合，须考虑由于磨擦热引起的温升。不同的密封件材料，其物理性能和化学性能都不一样。
2.密封形式
按负载类型可分为静密封和动密封；按密封用途可分为孔用密封、轴用密封和旋转轴密封；按其安装形式又可分为径向安装和轴向安装。径向安装时，对于轴用密封，应使O形圈内径和被密封直径间的偏差尽可能地小；对于孔用密封，应使其内径等于或略小于沟槽的直径。轴向安装时,要考虑压力方向.内部压力时,O形圈外径应比沟槽外径约大1～2％；外部压力时,应使O形圈内径比沟槽内径约小1～3％。

影响O形圈密封性能的其它因素:
1、O形圈的硬度
O形圈材料硬度是评定密封性能最重要的指标。硬度决定了O形圈的压缩量和沟槽**允许挤出间隙。由于邵氏A70的丁晴密封都能满足大部分的使用条件，故对密封材料不作特殊说明，一般提供邵氏A70的丁晴橡胶。
2、挤出间隙
**允许挤出间隙gmax和系统压力、O形圈截面直径以及和材料的硬度有关。通常，工作压力越高，**允许挤出间隙gmax取值越小。如果间隙g超过允许范围，就会导致O形圈被挤出损坏。

**允许挤出间隙gmax

压力 MPa	O形圈截面直径W
压力 MPa	1.78	2.62	3.53	5.33	7
邵氏硬度A70
≤3.50	0.08	0.09	0.1	0.13	0.15
≤7.00	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.09	0.1
≤10.50	0.03	0.04	0.05	0.07	0.08
邵氏硬度A80
≤3.50	0.1	0.13	0.15	0.18	0.2
≤7.00	0.08	0.09	0.1	0.13	0.15
≤10.50	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.09	0.1
≤14.00	0.03	0.04	0.05	0.07	0.08
≤17.50	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.04
邵氏硬度A90
≤3.50	0.13	0.15	0.2	0.23	0.25
≤7.00	0.1	0.13	0.15	0.18	0.2
≤10.50	0.07	0.09	0.1	0.13	0.15
≤14.00	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.09	0.1
≤17.50	0.04	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.09
≤21.00	0.03	0.04	0.05	0.07	0.08
≤35.00	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.04

注：1、当压力超过5MPa时，建议使用挡圈；
2、对静密封应用场合，推荐配合为H7/g6。

3、压缩**变形
评定O形圈密封性能的另一指标，即该材料的压缩**变形。在压力作用下，作为弹性元件的O形圈，产生弹性变形，随着压力增大，会出现**的塑性变形。压缩**变形d可由下式确定：

式中：b0-原始厚度（截面直径W），b1-压缩状态下的厚度，b2-释放后的厚度
通常，为防止出现**的塑性变形，O形圈允许的**压缩量在静密封中约为30％，在动密封中约为20％。

4、预压缩量
O形圈安装在沟槽里，为保证其密封性能，应预留一个初始压缩量。对于不同的应用场合，相对于截面直径W的预压缩量也不同。
通常，在静密封中约为15％～30％，而在动密封中约为9％～25％。
5、拉伸与压缩
将O形圈安装在沟槽内时，要受到拉伸或压缩。若拉伸和压缩的数值过大，将导致O形圈截面过度增大或减少，因为拉伸1％相应地使截面直径W减少约为0.5％。对于孔用密封，O形圈**处于拉伸状态，**允许拉伸量为6％；对于轴用密封，O形圈**延其周长方向受压缩，**允许周长压缩量为3％。
6、O形圈用作旋转轴密封
O形圈也可用作低速旋转运动及运行周期较短的旋转轴密封。当圆周速度低于0.5m/s时，须考虑拉长的橡胶圈受热后会收缩这一现象，故选择密封圈时其内径要比被它密封的轴径约大2％。密封圈安装在沟槽后，导致密封圈受到径向压缩，O形圈圈在沟槽中形成微量波纹状，从而改善了润滑条件。
7、安装压缩力
安装时，压缩力跟初始压缩的程度和材料硬度有关。

O形圈安装设计

1、O形圈安装在沟槽内时，应允许它有一定的膨胀空间。通常，允许的膨胀率在静密封中约为15％，在动密封中约为8％。对于不同类型的沟槽，其适用范围也不同。常用的沟槽形式有三种：

三角沟槽

常用于发兰和端盖上的密封。其缺点是制造困难，且供O形圈膨胀的空间非常小。

三角沟槽安装尺寸(单位:mm)

O形圈截面直径	边长K	半径r
1.78 /1.80	2.4 +0.10	0.3
2	2.7 +0.10	0.4
2.4	3.2 +0.15	0.4
2.5	3.4 +0.15	0.6
2.62 /2.60	3.5 +0.15	0.6
3	4.0 +0.20	0.6
3.1	4.1 +0.20	0.6
3.53 /3.55	4.7 +0.20	0.9
4	5.4 +0.20	1.2
5	6.7 +0.25	1.2
5.33 /5.30	7.1 +0.25	1.5
5.7	7.6 +0.30	1.5
6	8.0 +0.30	1.5
7	9.4 +0.30	2
8	10.8 +0.30	2
8.4	11.3 +0.30	2

梯形沟槽

仅推荐用于O形圈截面直径大于2.5mm的某些特殊场合。例如为保持O形圈的顶部安装,就可以考虑做成梯形沟槽形式。

梯形沟槽安装尺寸(单位:mm)

O形圈截面直径	沟槽宽度	沟槽深度	半径
O形圈截面直径	B±0.05	H±0.05	R1	R2
2.5	2.05	2	0.25	0.4
2.62/ 2.65	2.15	2.1	0.25	0.4
3.00 /3.10	2.4	2.4	0.25	0.4
3.53 /3.55	2.9	2.9	0.25	0.8
4	3.1	3.2	0.25	0.8
5	3.9	4.2	0.25	0.8
5.33/ 5.30	4.1	4.6	0.4	0.8
5.7	4.4	4.8	0.4	0.8
6	4.6	5.1	0.4	0.8
7	5.6	6	0.4	1.6
8	6	6.9	0.4	1.6
8.4	6.3	7.3	0.4	1.6

矩形沟槽

广泛用于各种场合，在不需要使用挡圈时，也可做成倾斜侧面<5o

O型圈截面直径	径向安装					轴向安装		倒角半径
	沟槽深度		沟槽宽度			沟槽深度	沟槽宽度	倒角半径
	动密封	静密封	b1+0.2	b2+0.2	b3+0.2	h+0.05	b4+0.2	r1
	t1+0.05	t+0.05	b1+0.2	b2+0.2	b3+0.2	h+0.05	b4+0.2	r1
0.5	-	0.35	0.8	-	-	0.35	0.8	0.2
0.74	-	0.5	1	-	-	0.5	1	0.2
1.00 /1.02	-	0.7	1.4	-	-	0.7	1.4	0.2
1.2	-	0.85	1.7	-	-	0.85	1.7	0.2
1.25 /1.27	-	0.9	1.7	-	-	0.9	1.8	0.2
1.3	-	0.95	1.8	-	-	0.95	1.8	0.2
1.42	-	1.05	1.9	-	-	1.05	2	0.3
1.50 /1.52	1.25	1.1	2	3	4	1.1	2.1	0.3
1.60 /1.63	1.3	1.2	2.1	3.1	4.1	1.2	2.2	0.3
1.78/ 1.80	1.45	1.3	2.4	3.8	5.2	1.3	2.6	0.4
1.83	1.5	1.35	2.5	3.9	5.3	1.35	2.6	0.4
1.9	1.55	1.4	2.6	4	5.4	1.4	2.7	0.4
1.98/ 2.00	1.65	1.5	2.7	4.1	5.5	1.5	2.8	0.4
2.08/ 2.10	1.75	1.55	2.8	4.2	5.6	1.55	2.9	0.4
2.2	1.85	1.6	3	4.4	5.8	1.65	3	0.4
2.26	1.9	1.7	3	4.4	5.8	1.7	3.1	0.4
2.30 /2.34	1.95	1.75	3.1	4.5	5.9	1.75	3.1	0.4
2.4	2.05	1.8	3.2	4.6	6	1.8	3.3	0.5
2.46	2.1	1.85	3.3	4.7	6.1	1.85	3.4	0.5
2.5	2.15	1.85	3.3	4.7	6.1	1.85	3.4	0.5
2.62 /2.65	2.25	2	3.6	5	6.4	2	3.8	0.6
2.7	2.3	2.05	3.6	5	6.4	2.05	3.8	0.6
2.8	2.4	2.1	3.7	5.1	6.5	2.1	3.9	0.6
2.92 /2.95	2.5	2.2	3.9	5.3	6.7	2.2	4	0.6
3	2.6	2.3	4	5.4	6.8	2.3	4	0.6
3.1	2.7	2.4	4.1	5.5	6.9	2.4	4.1	0.6
3.5	3.05	2.65	4.6	6	7.4	2.65	4.7	0.6
3.53 /3.55	3.1	2.7	4.8	6.2	7.6	2.7	5	0.8
3.6	3.15	2.8	4.8	6.2	7.6	2.8	5.1	0.8
4	3.5	3.1	5.2	6.9	8.6	3.1	5.3	0.8
4.5	4	3.5	5.8	7.5	9.2	3.5	5.9	0.8
5	4.4	4	6.6	8.3	10.22	4	6.7	0.8
5.33 /5.30	4.7	4.3	7.1	8.8	10.5	4.3	7.3	1.2
5.5	4.8	4.5	7.1	8.8	10.5	4.5	7.3	1.2
5.7	5	4.6	7.2	8.9	10.6	4.6	7.4	1.2
6	5.3	4.9	7.4	9.1	10.8	4.9	7.6	1.2
6.5	5.7	5.4	8	9.7	11.4	5.4	8.2	1.2
6.99 /7.00	6.1	5.8	9.5	12	14.5	5.8	9.7	1.5
7.5	6.6	6.3	9.7	12.2	14.7	6.3	9.9	1.5
8	7.1	6.7	9.8	12.3	14.8	6.7	10	1.5
8.4	7.5	7.1	10	12.5	15	7.1	10.3	1.5
9	8.1	7.7	10.6	13.1	15.6	7.7	10.9	2
9.5	8.6	8.2	11	13.5	16	8.2	11.4	2
10	9.1	8.6	11.6	14.1	16.6	8.6	12	2.5
12	11	10.6	13.5	16	18.5	10.6	14	2.5

2.沟槽加工精度及表面要求
通常被密封表面和沟槽表面不允许存在小的沟槽、划痕、凹坑、同心或螺旋状的加工痕迹。对动配合，其表面要求比静配合更高。

密封形式	表面	Rmax（μm）	Rmax（μm）	Rmax（μm）
径向动密封	配合表面（孔、杆、轴）	1.0～4.0	0.63～2.5	0.1～0.4
径向动密封	沟槽表面（直径、侧面）	≤16.0	≤10.0	≤1.6
径向静密封	配合表面沟槽表面（直径、侧面）	≤16.0	≤10.0	≤1.6
轴向静密封	压力脉动场合、配合表面	≤10.0	≤6.3	0.8
轴向静密封	沟槽表面（直径、侧面）	≤10.0	≤6.3	0.8

O形圈的安装
在进行O形圈安装时，须注意以下事项：
-确保各棱边或过渡处已倒角或倒钝并去除毛刺。
-检查被密封表面有无缺陷。
-清除所有的加工残留物。
-安装路径上的螺纹需加防护套，以防螺纹尖角刮伤O形圈。
-为了方便安装，可对O形圈安装表面涂润滑油脂。
-手动安装时，不可使用尖锐工具，但要尽量有效借助工具，以保证O形圈不扭曲。
-禁止过分拉伸O形圈。
-由密封带制成的O形圈，禁止在其连接处进行拉伸。
-若进行自动安装，须做好充分准备。例如：为便于安装，可在O形圈的表面涂钼、石墨、敷上滑石粉或用PTFE涂覆。

O形圈贮存
密封件常作为备件方式贮存较长时间。为避免因外界因素而影响O形圈的物理和化学性能，使弹性体损坏，在贮存时应遵守以下一些规则：
-贮存在干燥处。
-温度在+5℃～+25℃之间，避免和热源直接接触。
-避免在阳光或氖光灯下直接照射。
-置于原始装箱或气密容器内以防止氧化。
-

常用橡胶的品种，特性，用途

橡胶品种（简写符号）	化学组成	性能特点	主要用途
1、天然橡胶（NR）	以橡胶烃（聚异戊二烯）为主，含少量蛋白质、水分、树脂酸、糖类和无机盐等。	弹性大，定伸强度高，抗撕裂性和电绝缘性优良，耐磨性和耐旱性良好，加工性佳，易与其它材料粘合，在综合性能方面优于多数合成橡胶。缺点是耐氧和耐臭氧性差，容易老化变质；耐油和耐溶剂性不好，抵抗酸碱的腐蚀能力低；耐热性不高。使用温度范围：约－60℃~＋80℃，且可短暂达到100℃。	制作轮胎、胶鞋、胶管、胶带、电线电缆的绝缘层和护套以及其它通用制品。特别适用于制造扭振消除器、发动机减震器、机器支座、橡胶－金属悬挂元件、膜片、模压制品。
2、丁苯橡胶（SBR）	丁二烯和苯乙烯的共聚体。	性能接近天然橡胶，是目前产量**的通用合成橡胶，其特点是耐磨性、耐老化和耐热性超过天然橡胶，质地也较天然橡胶均匀。缺点是：弹性较低，抗屈挠、抗撕裂性能较差；加工性能差，特别是自粘性差、生胶强度低。使用温度范围：约－50℃~＋100℃。	主要用以代替天然橡胶制作轮胎、胶板、胶管、胶鞋及其它通用制品。
3、顺丁橡胶（BR）	是由丁二烯聚合而成的顺式结构橡胶。	优点是：弹性与耐磨性优良，耐老化性好，耐低温性优异，在动态负荷下发热量小，易与金属粘合。缺点是强度较低，抗撕裂性差，加工性能与自粘性差。使用温度范围：约－60℃~＋100℃。	一般多和天然橡胶或丁苯橡胶并用，主要制作轮胎胎面、运输带和特殊耐寒制品。
4、异戊橡胶（IR）	是由异戊二烯单体聚合而成的一种顺式结构橡胶。	化学组成、立体结构与天然橡胶相似，性能也非常接近天然橡胶，故有合成天然橡胶之称。它具有天然橡胶的大部分优点，耐老化由于天然橡胶，弹性和强力比天然橡胶稍低，加工性能差，成本较高。使用温度范围：约－50℃~＋100℃	可代替天然橡胶制作轮胎、胶鞋、胶管、胶带以及其它通用制品。
5、氯丁橡胶（CR）	是由氯丁二烯做单体乳液聚合而成的聚合体。	这种橡胶分子中含有氯原子，所以与其它通用橡胶相比：它具有优良的抗氧、抗臭氧性，不易燃，着火后能自熄，耐油、耐溶剂、耐酸碱以及耐老化、气密性好等优点；其物理机械性能也比天然橡胶好，故可用作通用橡胶，也可用作特种橡胶。主要缺点是耐寒性较差，比重较大、相对成本高，电绝缘性不好，加工时易粘滚、易焦烧及易粘模。此外，生胶稳定性差，不易保存。使用温度范围：约－45℃~＋100℃。	主要用于制造要求抗臭氧、耐老化性高的电缆护套及各种防护套、保护罩；耐油、耐化学腐蚀的胶管、胶带和化工衬里；耐燃的地下采矿用橡胶制品，以及各种模压制品、密封圈、垫、粘结剂等。
6、丁基橡胶（IIR）	是异丁烯和少量异戊二烯或丁二烯的共聚体。	**特点是气密性好，耐臭氧、耐老化性能好，耐热性较高，长期工作温度可在130℃以下；能耐无机强酸（如硫酸、硝酸等）和一般有机溶剂，吸振和阻尼特性良好，电绝缘性也非常好。缺点是弹性差，加工性能差，硫化速度慢，粘着性和耐油性差。使用温度范围：约－40℃~＋120℃。	主要用作内胎、水胎、气球、电线电缆绝缘层、化工设备衬里及防震制品、耐热运输带、耐热老化的胶布制品。
7、丁腈橡胶（NBR）	丁二烯和丙烯腈的共聚体。	特点是耐汽油和脂肪烃油类的性能特别好，仅次于聚硫橡胶、丙烯酸酯和氟橡胶，而优于其他通用橡胶。耐热性好，气密性、耐磨及耐水性等均较好，粘结力强。缺点是耐寒及耐臭氧性较差，强力及弹性较低，耐酸性差，电绝缘性不好，耐极性溶剂性能也较差。使用温度范围：约－55℃~＋100℃，不同丙烯腈含量與配方設計，NBR的標準使用溫度介於 -55℃ 至 100℃ 或達 125℃。一般來說，溫度超過 100℃ 時,其使用壽命會縮短。颜色：目前提供、黑、棕、绿、白、褐、黄、蓝、红、橘与灰色。依据客户要求也可生产其他颜色。	主要用于制造各种耐油制品，如胶管、密封制品等；NBR 也可在低溫下用於稀釋酸、鹼與鹽溶劑， NBR並不適用極性溶劑。
8、氢化丁晴橡胶（HNBR）	丁二烯和丙烯晴的共聚体。	它是通过全部或部分氢化NBR的丁二烯中的双键而得到的。其特点是机械强度和耐磨性高，用过氧化物交联时耐热性比NBR好，其他性能与丁晴橡胶一样。缺点是价格较高。使用温度范围：约－30℃~＋150℃。	HNBR 廣泛應用在汽車業與煉油業。對於環保需求，對臭氧層無害的冷媒 HFCs 將會取代 HCFC。在舊空調與冷凍設備，氯丁二烯橡膠 (CR) 和氟碳彈性體 (FKM) 是 HCFC (或 CFC) 冷凍系統與礦物油廣泛使用的材料。但是 CR 和 FKM 不能滿足更新的冷卻系統 HFC134a (R134a)以及PAG 潤滑油，因為 CR 會降解 PAG 潤滑劑，且 FKM 會在 R134a 內大量膨脹，此時可用的橡膠是 HNBR。
9、乙丙橡胶（EPM、EPDM）	乙烯和丙烯的共聚体，一般分为二元乙丙橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶。	特点是抗臭氧、耐紫外线、耐天候性和耐老化性优异，居通用橡胶之首。电绝缘性、耐化学性、冲击弹性很好，耐酸碱，比重小，可进行高填充配合。耐热可达150℃，耐极性溶剂－酮、酯等，但不耐脂肪烃和芳香烃，其他物理机械性能略次于天然橡胶而优于丁苯橡胶。缺点是自粘性和互粘性很差，不易粘合。使用温度范围：约－50℃~＋150℃。	主要用作化工设备衬里、电线电缆包皮、蒸汽胶管、耐热运输带、汽车用橡胶制品及其他工业制品。
10、硅橡胶（Q）	为主链含有硅、氧原子的特种橡胶，其中起主要作用的是硅元素，故名硅橡胶。	其主要特点是既耐高温（300℃）又耐低温（－100℃），是目前**耐寒、耐高温橡胶；同时电绝缘性优良，对热氧化和臭氧的稳定性很高，化学惰性大。缺点是机械强度较低，耐油、耐溶剂和耐酸碱性差，较难硫化，价格较贵。使用温度：－60℃~＋200℃，有些特殊类型可达高温300度，低温-100度。	主要用于制作耐高低温制品（胶管、密封件等）、耐高温电线电缆绝缘层，由于其无毒无味，还用于食品及医疗工业。因为加强其弹性与使用寿命是很重要的，橡胶在极端的环境与温度时表现很好，通常用于汽车与**业。也具备出色的电绝缘性，这在应用于严格性能标准是不可或缺的。此外也用于需要FDA认证所需的设备与装置之合适材料。
11、氟橡胶（FPM）	是由含氟单体共聚而成的有机弹性体。	其特点耐温高可达300℃，耐酸碱，耐油性是耐油橡胶中**的，抗辐射、耐高真空性能好；电绝缘性、机械性能、耐化学腐蚀性、耐臭氧、耐大气老化性均优良。缺点是加工性差，价格昂贵耐寒性差，弹性透气性较低。使用温度范围：－20℃~＋200℃，對於 GLT-類型，低溫可達 -40℃。硬度:对于一般类型，以硬度计（Shore A）测量，介于55 至 90 度之间。对于其他类型，硬度介于60 至 90 度之间。颜色：目前提供、黑、棕、绿、白、褐、黄与蓝色。依据客户要求也可生产其他颜色。	主要用于国防工业制造飞机、火箭上的耐真空、耐高温、耐化学腐蚀的密封材料、胶管或其它零件，其次用于汽车工业及其它工业部门。 Viton GLT 具備更廣的使用溫度範圍，溫度從 -45℃ 至 +275℃，且具備出色的耐極具侵略性之HTS-類型油，因此用於航太業是很好的選擇。 Viton ETP 通常應用於化學工業領域。在某些燃料油添加甲醇使用上， Viton F- 和 B-類型會比 A-類型更好用，尤其是 F-類型。有些潤滑劑加上少量有機胺基化合物或是氨類化合物，選擇過氧架橋系統，將比雙酚架橋系統更好用。
12、聚氨酯橡胶（AU、EU）	由聚酯（或聚醚）与二异氰酸酯类化合物聚合而成的弹性体。	其特点是耐磨性好，在各种橡胶中是**的；强度高、弹性好、耐油性优良。耐臭氧、耐老化、气密性等也优异。缺点是耐温性能较差，耐水和耐碱性差，耐芳香烃、氯化烃及酮、酯、醇类等溶剂性较差。使用温度范围：约－30℃~＋80℃。	制作轮胎及耐油零件、垫圈、防震制品，以及耐磨、高强度和耐油的橡胶制品。
13、丙烯酸酯橡胶（ACM、AEM）	它是丙烯酸乙酯或丙烯酸丁酯的聚合物。	其特点是兼有良好的耐热、耐油性能，在含有硫、磷、氯添加剂的润滑油中性能稳定。同时耐老化、耐氧和臭氧、耐紫外线、气密性优良。缺点是耐寒性差，不耐水，不耐蒸汽及有机和无机酸、碱。在甲醇、乙二醇、酮酯等水溶性溶液内膨胀严重。同时弹性和耐磨性差，电绝缘性差，加工性能较差。使用温度范围：约－25℃~＋150℃。硬度通常在45~80 Shore A的區間，若要求80以上也可以生產提供。目前提供黑、白、或原色。不過依據客戶要求, 也可生產其他顏色。	可用于制造耐油、耐热、耐老化的制品，如密封件、胶管、化工衬里等。
14、氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶（CSM）	它是聚乙烯经氯化和磺化处理后，所得到具有弹性的聚合物。	耐臭氧及耐老化优良，耐候性优于其它橡胶。阻燃、耐热、耐溶剂性及耐大多数化学药品和耐酸碱性能较好。电绝缘性尚可，耐磨性与丁苯橡胶相似。缺点是抗撕裂性能差，加工性能不好。使用温度范围：约－20℃~＋120℃。	可用作臭氧发生器上的密封材料，制造耐油密封件、电线电缆包皮以及耐油橡胶制品和化工衬里。
15、氯醚橡胶（CO、ECO）	由环氧氯丙烷均聚或由环氧氯丙烷与环氧乙烷共聚而成的聚合物。	特点是耐脂肪烃及氯化烃溶剂、耐碱、耐水、耐老化性能极好，耐臭氧性、耐候性及耐热性、气密性高。缺点是强里较低、弹性差、电绝缘性不良。使用温度范围：约－40℃~＋140℃。	可用作胶管、密封件、薄膜和容器衬里、油箱、胶辊，制造油封、水封等。
16、氯化聚乙烯橡胶（CM或CPE）	是聚乙烯通过氯取代反应制成的具有弹性的聚合物。	性能与氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶接近，其特点是流动性好，容易加工；有优良的耐天候性、耐臭氧性和耐电晕性，耐热、耐酸碱、耐油性良好。缺点是弹性差、压缩变形较大，电绝缘性较低。使用温度范围：约－20℃~＋120℃。	电线电缆护套、胶管、胶带、胶辊化工衬里等。

Rubber materials / elastomer types

RUNLION offers an unrivalled range of over 300 high performance seal materials from the 17 types of elastomer (rubber) shown below. Our Materials Technologists are constantly developing new seal materials to meet the increasing demands of today\'s engineering applications.

Further information
Chart showing operating temperature range of each elastomer type.
Table showing general overview of chemical resistance for most common rubber materials.
How to select the correct seal materials

Elastomer properties - temperature/chemical resistance

This graph positions the various elastomer types according to typical temperature and chemical resistance. Elastomers which are in the top right-hand corner are considered high performance elastomers.

Consult the Chemical Compatibility guide for more detailed information.

Typical temperature capability of elastomers

This graph shows the typical useful operating temperature range of each elastomer type.

General overview of chemical resistance

Media/Chemical

EPDM

HNBR

Nitrile

Silicone

FKM

FFKM

Oxygen

Excellent

Good

Good

Excellent

Excellent

Excellent

Ozone

Excellent

Excellent

Fair

Excellent

Excellent

Excellent

Alcohol

Good

Excellent

Fair

Good

Fair

Excellent

Benzene

Poor

Poor

Poor

Poor

Good

Excellent

Acids

Good

Poor

Good

Fair

Good

Excellent

Bases (Alkalis)

Good

Fair

Fair

Fair

Fair

Excellent

Solvents

Good

Fair

Fair

Poor

Good

Excellent

Fats & Oils

Poor

Excellent

Excellent

Good

Excellent

Excellent

Water

Excellent

Excellent

Good

Good

Fair

Excellent

Steam

Excellent

Poor

Poor

Poor

Excellent

Excellent

Consult the Chemical Compatibility guide for more detailed information.

IIR

Resistant to the same fluid types as EPDM , the distinctive properties of IIR rubber materials are very low gas and moisture permeability, excellent insulating properties, good ozone and weathering resistance, and resistance to a great many organic and inorganic media. IIR elastomer materials can be polymerised with various halogens (e.g. Chlorine / Bromine) to improve resistance to certain chemical media, but at the expense of electrical insulation and moisture resistance. They can be used from –40 to +120°C typically, and are mostly used in the production of tyre inner tubes, seals and gaskets, vacuum seals and membranes, and pharmaceutical goods.

CR

CR seal materials typically display good resistance to ozone, heat aging and chemicals. Good resistance to refrigerants, aliphatic hydrocarbons, mineral oils and greases. Typical trade name: Neoprene (DuPont TM )

Chlorobutadiene rubbers contain chlorine in the polymer to reduce the reactivity to many oxidising agents, as well as to oil and flame. CR elastomers also have good resistance to ozone cracking, heat ageing and chemical attack. Some of the important applications of CR elastomers include Vee-belts, coated fabrics, cable jackets, tyre-sidewalls, seals and gaskets in contact with refrigerants, mild chemicals and atmospheric ozone.

CSM

CSM grades contain 24-43% chlorine content to provide excellent ozone and weather resistance, discoloration by sun and ultraviolet light, high resistance to many oxidising and corrosive chemicals, good resistance to dry heat to 150°C, low flammability and gas permeability, and also good resistance to hot water (when cured with lead oxide). The low temperature properties are generally limited, depending on the chlorine content of the CSM grade used, and the compression set is not very good. CSM elastomers are generally useful in electrical applications, weather resistant membranes, hoses and acid resistant tank linings.

ECO

Generally resistance to high temperatures, oils, ozone, and flame with gas resistance comparable to NBR’s. The temperature range for continuous use is –40 to +120°C, but are generally unsuitable for rubber to metal bonding (they are corrosive to metals). ECO elastomers are suitable for use in seals, gaskets, diaphragms, cable jackets, belting etc, for a wide range of media. However, they are unsuitable for use with ketones and esters, alcohols, phosphate ester hydraulic fluids, sour gas, water and steam.

AEM

AEM rubber materials offer an unusual combination of physical properties; high heat resistance (up to 175°C), excellent ozone and weather resistance, moderate resistance to mineral oils, low temperature flexibility to –30°C, good resistance to hot water and high tensile strength. AEM applications are similar to ACM elastomers, but has the advantage where low temperature flexibility is concerned. They are typically moulded into O-rings seals, boots and ignition wire jackets.

EPDM

EPDM elastomers have a fair tensile strength and excellent resistance to weathering and ozone, and chemical attack. They also exhibit excellent electrical insulation properties. Peroxide cured elastomers exhibit excellent heat ageing, and resistance to compression set from –40 to +150°C, more so if sulphur cured. They are resistant to a wide range of media, including hot water and steam to 200°C (in the absence of air), but are not considered compatible with mineral and synthetic lubricants, and hydrocarbon fuels. They are typically used in the production of window and door seals, wire and cable insulations, waterproofing sheets and hoses, and seals, O-rings and gaskets.

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

Peroxide

Much better heat resistance than sulphur-cured elastomers.

Better compression set resistance.

Peroxide-cured materials are normally better where retained sealing force is important. Examples are O-rings and seals.

Peroxide cured parts are considered cleaner for food and pharmaceutical applications.

Poorer tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength than sulphur-cured elastomers.

These properties are not nromally the most important for sealing elements like O-rings.

Sulphur

Better tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength than peroxide-cured elastomers.

Poorer compression set resistance.

Lower heat resistance.

FKM/FPM

Outstanding resistance to heat, weather, ozone, oxygen and oxidisers. Very low gas permeability. PPE FKM (FPM) seal materials include copolymer , terpolymer and tetrapolymer grades and bisphenol and peroxide cure systems.

FKM elastomers are highly fluorinated polymers containing few compounding ingredients. They are stable at very high temperatures (they can withstand 200°C / 400°F indefinitely, in service). By comparison, conventional elastomers would become brittle in 24 hours at this temperature, in air. FKM vulcanisates, in general, have outstanding resistance to oxygen, ozone, weather, flame and oxidative chemicals, and excellent resistance to swelling in a wide variety of media. However, they are not compatible with polar solvents (e.g. M.E.K.), some organic acids (e.g. Formic acid), certain methanol and ester based hydraulic fluids (e.g. Skydrol), ammonia and some amines. They are suitable in high-energy radiation environments up to about 10 6 Rads. Special grades of FKM may be required for use in hot water and steam applications.

FKM elastomers provide high compression set resistance if compounded with bisphenol cure systems. Generally they are serviceable down to –30°C, but specialist grades (such as Endura® V91A) can provide effective sealing down to –45°C. Electrical insulation properties are not particularly outstanding, but would be adequate for sheathing where elevated temperatures, ozone, chemical and flame resistance are required (e.g. shaft seals, O-rings and gaskets, diaphragms and cable sheathing).

TYPE

FLUORINE CONTENT

ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES

Copolymer

65% - 65.5%

Contains two monomers (simple molecules from which polymers are built).
General purpose, most common, most widely used for sealing. Best compression set and very good fluid resistance (compression set is very important for O-rings).
Often referred to as \'A\' and \'E\' type grades.
These are normally the least expensive types of compound.

Terpolymer

67%

Contains three monomers.
Better fluid and oil/solvent resistance than copolymer but at the expense of poorer compression set resistance.
Often referred to as \'B\' types grades.

Tetrapolymer

67% - 69%

Contains four monomers.
Improved fluid, acid, solvent resistance over other types. Compression set better than terpolymers.
These are sometimes known as \'G\' grades.
In addition, certain tetrapolymers have good low-temperature flexibility.
Tetrapolymers are the most expensive of the three types listed here.

FVMQ

FVMQ elastomers are modified silicone rubbers, with superior fluid resistance, but limited to about 175°C (347°F).

HNBR

The hydrogenation process of NBR elastomers provide excellent heat and ozone resistance. Peroxide cured HNBR’s have the best compression set and heat resistance, and high-nitrile (ACN) HNBR elastomers have better resistance to mineral oils. HNBR’s combine best resistance and low temperature flexibility, although they are more expensive than NBR’s. HNBR’s are useful where resistance is required to ozone and weather, ageing in hot air and industrial lubricants, hot water and steam to 150°C, amine based corrosion inhibitors and sour gas (H2S), and high-energy radiation. HNBR’s fill the gap between NBR ’s and FKM ’s in many areas of application where resistance to heat and aggressive media are required simultaneously, and may therefore provide a lower cost alternative to FKM elastomers.

NR

Natural rubber (tapped from the cultivated rubber tree) exhibits high tensile strength, abrasion resistance, resilience, tear strength and low hysteresis.

The chemcially similar polyisoprene has lower strength properties than the natural form but better low-temperature properties. Both rubbers are susceptible to degradation by weathering characteristics, and both show poor resistance to mineral and petroleum-based oils and fuels. Typical long-term operating range is from -50°C to 70°C. Main applications for natural rubber materials, apart from tyres, are for vibration mounts, springs and bearings.

NBR (BUNA N)

NBR elastomers are available in five basic grades; based on acrylonitrile content, giving proportional physical and chemical properties. NBR’s typically have (depending on increased ACN content), decreasing low temperature flexibility, increasing compression set, gas permeability, improved heat ageing and ozone resistance, improved tensile and abrasion strength, hardness and density. NBR’s are used where good resistance is required, to aromatic hydrocarbons at –40 to +120°C (e.g. gaskets and seals, hoses and cable jacketing), typically in the oil and gas industry.

High Nitrile: >45% ACN content Medium Nitrile: 30-45% ACN content Low Nitrile:

The higher the ACN content, the higher the resistance to aromatic hydrocarbons. The lower the ACN content, the better the low temperature flexibility. The best overall balance for most applications is medium ACN content.

FFKM

This is the most chemically resistant elastomer available and is effectively a rubber form of PTFE. It displays other properties which prove most valuable in applications where purity, high temperatures and retention of sealing force are paramount.

ACM

ACM elastomers offer excellent heat resistance; they can typically be used at temperatures of 150°C (up to 175°C for limited periods). They provide high resistance to oxygen, ozone and industrial oils. Resistance to water is generally poor, and compression set and low temperature flexibility depend on base polymer and compounding choice. ACM elastomers are used primarily used where combined resistance to heat and oils is required.

AU / EU

These elastomers generally show outstanding tensile strength, tear and abrasion resistance, and give excellent protection against oxygen and ozone (except in hot climates, due to greater risk of microbiological attack in AU types, and ultraviolet light in the case of EU types. EU elastomers have a better low temperature flexibility (-35°C typically) and both have excellent resistance to high-energy radiation (10 6 Rads).

Polyurethane rubbers are used where high abrasion resistance and oil / solvent resistance are required together, e.g. hydraulic seals and gaskets, diaphragms, hoses and roller-skate and skateboard wheels. In all applications, consideration should be given to hydrolysis and limited heat resistance.

VMQ

The distinctive properties of silicone rubbers are outstanding resistance to ozone and corona, outdoor weather and sunlight. Special compounds will withstand up to 300°C; however, in the absence of air, silicones can revert to a paste, even at lower temperatures. The usual high temperature limit, quoted for continuous service, is 200°C. Silicones have an excellent reputation for their low temperature flexibility (some compounds to –90°C) and electrical insulation, which are maintained fairly constant at the full range of service temperatures. Electrically conductive compounds are also available.

Silicones have a low level of combustible components; even when exposed to flame, the elastomer is reduced to a non-conducting silica ash. Silicones also exhibit excellent compression set and high physiological inertness (tasteless, odourless and completely non-toxic).Silicones are also resistant to bacteria, fungi, a wide range of media including high energy radiation to 10 6 Rads, and excellent release properties (except to glass). The main limitations are low tensile properties and poor resistance to acids, alkalis, and steam above 120°C. Silicone elastomeric parts are used for electrical insulation, gaskets and O-rings (static or low dynamic applications only), food and pharmaceutical goods.

SBR

Produced as a substitute for NR (Natural Rubber); in general, SBR’s can be used in similar applications as NR / IR elastomers, except in severe dynamic applications (e.g. requiring low heat build-up on flexing). SBR’s can be used in tread compounds on car tyres, but not truck tyres. SBR’s have inferior weathering and chemical resistance to most other elastomers.

TFE/P (also known as FEPM)

The base polymer is solely produced by the Asahi Glass company, and sold under the name ‘Aflas’. TFE/P vulcanisates exhibit similar thermal stability to FKM elastomers, but better electrical resistance and a different chemical resistance profile (e.g. sour gas, acids and alkalis, ozone and weather, steam and water, all hydraulic and brake fluids, alcohols and high energy radiation). However, they are not compatible to aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons (e.g. M.E.K. and acetone), organic acetates and organic refrigerants.

FKM elastomers exhibit better compression set, and the low temperature flexibility is relatively poor (except in certain fluids that would plasticise the rubber to some extent. It is always recommended to carry out functional tests under working conditions. TFE/P elastomers are finding wide application; mainly in oil-field operations and chemical processing as o-rings, seals and gaskets, cable insulating and jacketing, and hose liners.

远离有害气源（如臭氧）以防止弹性体受损。

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面议

Media/Chemical	EPDM	HNBR	Nitrile	Silicone	FKM	FFKM
Oxygen	Excellent	Good	Good	Excellent	Excellent	Excellent
Ozone	Excellent	Excellent	Fair	Excellent	Excellent	Excellent
Alcohol	Good	Excellent	Fair	Good	Fair	Excellent
Benzene	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Good	Excellent
Acids	Good	Poor	Good	Fair	Good	Excellent
Bases (Alkalis)	Good	Fair	Fair	Fair	Fair	Excellent
Solvents	Good	Fair	Fair	Poor	Good	Excellent
Fats & Oils	Poor	Excellent	Excellent	Good	Excellent	Excellent
Water	Excellent	Excellent	Good	Good	Fair	Excellent
Steam	Excellent	Poor	Poor	Poor	Excellent	Excellent

TYPE	FLUORINE CONTENT	ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES
Copolymer	65% - 65.5%	Contains two monomers (simple molecules from which polymers are built). General purpose, most common, most widely used for sealing. Best compression set and very good fluid resistance (compression set is very important for O-rings). Often referred to as \'A\' and \'E\' type grades. These are normally the least expensive types of compound.
Terpolymer	67%	Contains three monomers. Better fluid and oil/solvent resistance than copolymer but at the expense of poorer compression set resistance. Often referred to as \'B\' types grades.
Tetrapolymer	67% - 69%	Contains four monomers. Improved fluid, acid, solvent resistance over other types. Compression set better than terpolymers. These are sometimes known as \'G\' grades. In addition, certain tetrapolymers have good low-temperature flexibility. Tetrapolymers are the most expensive of the three types listed here.