腰椎间盘突出疾病预防－骨病专家提醒

2012-02-24 点击:6

<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>腰椎间盘突出 <***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>疾病预防

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　预防此病发生是很重要的，要求平时注重腰部锻炼，起居要避风、寒、湿，劳逸结合，饮食结构要合理。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　预防工作应从学校、家庭、工作和职业前训练开始，要了解正确的劳动姿势，注意劳动保护，避免加速腰椎间盘退变和在腰椎间盘退变基础上的损伤<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>1. <***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">坚持健康检查：青少年或工作人员应定期进行健康检查，应注意检查有无脊柱先天性或特发性畸形。对于从事剧烈腰部运动工作者，如运动员和杂技演员，应该加强腰背部保护，防止反复损伤。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>2. <***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改正不良的劳动姿势。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>3. <***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">加强肌肉锻炼：强有力的背部肌肉，可防止腰背部软组织损伤，腹肌和肋间肌锻炼，可增加腹内压和胸内压，此有助于减轻腰椎负荷。如可以经常进行游泳等体育锻炼等。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>4. <***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">避免体重过重。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>5. <***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">注意保暖。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>腰椎间盘突出 <***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">护理

<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>腰椎间盘突出<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">护理要点

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>1<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．急性期应睡硬板床，**卧床<***N lang=EN-US>3<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">周。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>2<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．避免咳嗽、打喷嚏，防止<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>便秘<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>3<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．症状明显好转后，可逐步进行背肌锻炼，并在腰围保护下，下地做轻微活动。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　术后*初<***N lang=EN-US>24<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小时应保持平卧位，腰部垫小枕，可以压迫刀口减少出血。注意观察患者的一般情况，呼吸、血压、脉搏等。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　注意保持引流管通畅，不要使引流管受重压或折弯，维持其负压和无菌状态。同时注意观察伤口渗血、渗液情况，观察引流液的颜色、成份和总的引流量等。术后<***N lang=EN-US>24<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小时内应反复检查病人会阴部及双下肢感觉运动变化情况，如果神经受压不见好转反而进行性加重，同时引流管不够通畅引流量很少，说明椎管内出血量较多，局部形成血肿，导致神经受压。应立即手术探查，避免神经受压过久出现不可逆性瘫痪。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　加强生活护理，定时给病人翻身，翻身时注意肩部和臀部同时翻转，保持腰部平直无扭曲。协助病人在床上平躺着解大小便，可以使用尿壶和一次性尿布等，注意避免污染伤口敷料。术后<***N lang=EN-US>48--72<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小时拔除引流管后，即可鼓励患者进行直腿抬高锻炼和腰背肌肉锻炼，争取早日康复。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>预防腰<***N lang=EN-US>椎间盘突出症复发

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　腰椎间盘突出症患者经过治疗和<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>休息<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">后，可使病情缓解或痊愈，但该病的复发率相当高，原因为：<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>(1)<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">腰椎间盘突出症经过治疗后，虽然症状基本消失，但许多病人髓核并未完全还纳回去，只是压迫神经根程度有所缓解，或者是和<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>神经<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">根的粘连解除而己。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>(2)<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">腰椎间盘突出症病人病情虽已稳定或痊愈，但在短时间内，一旦劳累或扭伤腰部可使髓核再次突出，导致疾病复发。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>(3)<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>寒冷<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、潮湿季节未注意保暖，风寒湿邪侵袭人体的患病部位，加之劳累容易诱发本病的复发。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>(4)<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">**亏损未能及时补充。中医认为，*藏精、主骨；肝藏血、主筋。*精充足、肝血盈满，则筋骨劲强、关节灵活。人到中老年，生理性机能减退，**精血不足，致使筋骨失养，久而久之，容易发生骨关节病。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　<***N lang=EN-US>(5)<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">术后的病人虽然该节段髓核已摘除，但手术后该节段上、下的脊椎稳定性欠佳，故在手术节段上、下二节段的椎间盘易脱出，而导致腰椎间盘突出症的复发。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>卧床休息

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　是术后治疗的一个重要组成部分。术后一段时间内要卧床休息，手术后的病人常规卧床两、三天。一般是内固定手术后的患者下床早，由于有了内固定的保护；单纯髓核摘除下床晚，因为纤维环的疤痕形成需要较长时间。具体时间由每一个医院、每一位主刀医生的习惯而定<***N lang=EN-US>,<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">短则三五天，长则几个月。床铺**是特硬席梦思或硬板床，上面铺厚垫。卧床期间，翻身应该由别人协助，肩膀和臀部要同时翻过去，腰部不能扭转，以免影响腰部肌肉韧带等得愈合。使用尿壶和一次性的尿布，在床上解大小便，尽量不要抬高臀部。卧床休息阶段结束后，可开始逐渐下地在室内活动，但一开始仍需佩戴腰围大约六周对腰部进行保护。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">锻炼

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　从手术后拔除引流管开始，患者就应该逐步加强腰背肌肉锻炼，恢复日常活动后更应坚持不懈。可以朝天躺着，用双侧足跟和肩背部作为支点，收缩腰背部的肌肉将臀部抬离床面，屏住几秒钟后再缓<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N lang=EN-US><***N style="COLOR: windowtext"> <***N style="COLOR: windowtext">

<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>腰椎间盘突出<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">锻炼姿势图例

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">慢放下，反复练习。也可以趴在床上，利用腹部作为支点，双腿伸直，双手抱在脑后，主动收缩腰骶部肌肉，努力将头部和腿部同时抬离床面，屏住几秒钟再缓慢放下。或者侧卧在床，伸直下肢，用力将其朝上抬高，屏住一会儿后再放下，反复多次，可以加强肌肉力量，有利于早日康复。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>日常生活

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">戒烟非常重要，尤其对做腰椎融合手术的病人。可以饮少量红酒。室内活动没有问题后可以转向室外活动，到小区和附近的街道走走。手术以后<***N lang=EN-US>2<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－<***N lang=EN-US>3<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个月左右，可以恢复坐办公室等非体力劳动。术后<***N lang=EN-US>3<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－<***N lang=EN-US>4<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个月左右，可以酌情恢复部分体力劳动，但始终要避免弯腰搬运重物，肩挑手提重物等活动。日常生活中要避免弯腰弓背等不良姿势，避免剧烈的体育运动。对于年轻尚未生育的妇女，应在术后完全恢复一段时间比如术后一年再考虑怀孕生育，否则易导致术前症状的复发甚至加重。<***N lang=EN-US>[1][3]

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">任仲传强力透骨膜：<***N style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <***N lang=EN-US>www.qianglitougumo.cn QQ<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：<***N lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1369127321<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">免费咨询订购：<***N lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4006610655

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">近期一些网络商城和一些商贸公司非法复制本网站进行网上直销，药品是**管制产品，所有厂家不可能授权任何商城进行<***N lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>网上直销<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，更不可能授权商贸公司销售强力透骨膜，网上商城和商贸公司不能销售药品是生活常识，假药成本低所以价格便宜，还是有一些老年人贪便宜上当。假药不治病还有可能造成副作用，所以大家一定要注意防伪，保重自己的利益。**生产厂家：<***N lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>湖南佳信佰生物技术有限公司<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。生产地址：湖南长沙高新技术开发区隆平高科技园。另**代液体膏药任仲传风痛康膜已经停产，厂家不再进行销售。**强力透骨膜有双重防伪验证，如果验证不对大家可以拒收，保护自己的利益。<***N lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">

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<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>腰椎间盘突出 <***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">**方法

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　（<***N lang=EN-US>1<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）加强锻炼增强腰部肌肉。长期缺乏身体锻炼，腰部肌肉力量减弱，不利于保护椎间盘。例如在睡觉前将腰部和臀部反复抬高呈弓状，可以达到一定效果。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　（<***N lang=EN-US>2<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）避免持重新妈妈刚经历生产，自己不要抬重物，动作不要过猛。拿东西时身体要靠近物体，避免闪腰。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　（<***N lang=EN-US>3<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）休息。充分的睡眠可帮助产妇恢复体力，恢复肌肉的弹性。不能搬动较重的物体，减少腰部受伤的机会。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　（<***N lang=EN-US>4<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）适当控制体重。大多数产妇产后体重都有明显的增加，过于肥胖的腹部，增加了腰部负荷。当然，身体也不能过于<***N lang=EN-US><***N lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><***N lang=EN-US>瘦弱<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。所以，体重适度**。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　（<***N lang=EN-US>5<***N style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）保暖。产后产妇的体质非常虚弱，容易受凉，尤其是怀孕期间受力较重的腰部，更容易受到风寒侵袭，所以要做好保暖。