噪声对人身体健康的影响

2019-03-11 点击:10

<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">噪声级为<***N lang=EN-US>30—<***N lang=EN-US>40分贝是比较安静的正常环境；超过<***N lang=EN-US>50分贝就会影响睡眠和休息。由于休息不足，疲劳不能消除，正常生理功能会受到一定的影响；<***N lang=EN-US>70分贝以上干扰谈话，造成心烦意乱，精神不集中，影响工作效率，甚至发生事故；长期工作或生活在<***N lang=EN-US>90分贝以上的噪声环境，会严重影响听力和导致其他疾病的发生。 <***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: red">

<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">　　听力损伤有急性和慢性之分。接触较强噪声，会出现耳鸣、听力下降，只要时间不长，一旦离开噪声环境后，很快就能恢复正常，称为听觉适应。如果接触强噪声的时间较长，听力下降比较明显，则离开噪声环境后，就需要几小时，甚至十几到二十几小时的时间，才能恢复正常，称为听觉疲劳。这种暂时性的听力下降仍属于生理范围，但可能发展成噪声性耳聋。如果继续接触强噪声，听觉疲劳不能得到恢复，听力持续下降，就会造成噪声性听力损失，成为病理性改变。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">噪声除损害听觉外，也影响其他系统。神经系统表现为以头痛和睡眠障碍为主的神经衰弱症状群，脑电图有改变，如节律改变，波辐低，指数下降，植物神经功能紊乱等；心血管系统出现血压不稳，心率加快，心电图有改变；胃肠系统出现胃液分泌减少，蠕动减慢，食欲下降；内分泌系统表现为甲状腺机能亢进，*上腺皮质功能增强，性机能紊乱，月经失调等。<***N lang=EN-US>

<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">室内的噪声对家里的老人和**的健康会产生很大影响。<***N lang=EN-US>

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">表<***N lang=EN-US>1

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normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">对人的影响<*N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">造成的损害<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">L=30-65dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">影响程度于心理<***N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">不舒适的感觉；受到干扰的感觉；厌烦的感觉；易怒；被噪声激怒；不能集中精力从事脑力劳动；课堂讲课或作报告接收的信息量降低；工作能力受损，昏昏欲睡。<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">第二噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>L=65-90dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">心理影响大于品级，另外还会影响植物神经的活动<***N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><**N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">唾液分泌减少；胃蠕动频率及幅度增加；心脏悸动量减少（心理压力减少的表现）；血管收缩，动脉末梢的血液阻力增大；脉冲波增加；呼吸加快（新陈代谢加快）；颅内液压增高；脑电波频谱中低频成分加大；大脑皮层功能受到抑制；大脑下皮层功能受到刺激；瞳孔扩大；内分泌系统反应。<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">第三噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>L=90-120dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">心理影响和植物神经的影响均大于第二品级，此外有造成不可恢复的听觉机构损害的危险。<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">第四噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>L>=120dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">经过相当短的声冲击后，就必须考虑内耳遭受的性损伤。<***N lang=EN-US>

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18.75pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18.75pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">多孔吸声材料具有良好的吸声性能的原因，不是因为表面的粗糙，而是因为多孔吸声材料具有大量内外连通的微小孔隙和孔洞。多孔吸声材料内部有大量的孔隙，当声波沿着这些孔隙进入材料内部时，与材料产生的摩擦作用将声能转化成热能，从而达到吸声的作用。因此，只有孔洞对外开口，孔洞之间互相连通，且孔洞深入材料内部，才可以有效地吸声。多孔材料本身具有良好的中高频吸收，背后留有空气层时可以提高低频吸收。<***N lang=EN-US>

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"> <***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">声是一种波动现象，它在传播过程中，遇到障碍物会产生反射和衍射现象，在不均匀的媒质中或由一种媒质进入另一种媒质时，也会发生折射和透射现象。声波在媒质中传播，由于媒质的吸收作用等，会随传播距离增加而衰减。对于声的这些认识，是改善和控制声环境的理论基础。<***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">其中δ<***N lang=EN-US>l为降噪量，<***N lang=EN-US>a1、<***N lang=EN-US>t1和<***N lang=EN-US>a2、<***N lang=EN-US>t2分别为加入吸声材料前后的房间吸声量、混响时间<***N lang=EN-US>,v为房间体积。　　如果房间未做吸声处理，反射较严重，吸声量少，混响时间长，那么吸声降噪的效果比较好。如果原房间已经有大量的吸声，混响时间短，那么吸声效果比较差。　　<***N lang=EN-US>

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">例：一房间体积<***N lang=EN-US>v=value="400" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">400m3,混响时间为<***N lang=EN-US>6s，加入value="100" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><***N lang=EN-US>100m2的吸声系数<***N lang=EN-US>0.9吸声吊顶，请问降噪量为多少？根据降噪公式，δ<***N lang=EN-US>l=10lg[8×<***N lang=EN-US>90÷<***N lang=EN-US>(0.161×<***N lang=EN-US>400)]=9.2db。<***N lang=EN-US>

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">如果室内分布多个声源，室内各处的直达声都很强，吸声效果就比较差，往往只能降低<***N lang=EN-US>3-4db。尽管降低量有限，但减少了混响声，室内工作人员的主观上消除了噪声来自四面八方的混乱感，反映较好。吸声处理对于声源距离近的位置效果差，对于声源距离远的位置效果好，对传到室外的噪声降低效果也很明显。<***N lang=EN-US>

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">如果房间容积很大，人们的活动区域靠近声源，直达声占主导地位，此时吸声效果差。容积较小的房间，声音在天花和墙壁上反射多次后与直达声混合，反射声多，此时吸声处理效果就明显。经验表明，value="3000" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><***N lang=EN-US>3000m3以下的房间吸声降噪效果好，更大的房间，吸声效果不理想。不过，若房间体型瘦长，顶棚低，房间长度大于高宽的<***N lang=EN-US>5倍以上，由于声音的反射类似与在管道中爬行，吸声处理的降噪效果也较好。<***N lang=EN-US>

normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实践证明：室内墙身和天花辊涂了<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">佛山市顺德区都之彭化工有限公司的<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“都<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Courier New'">の<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">彭”吸音乳胶漆，<***N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">吸声降噪效果非常好，受到全球用户一致好评。<***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">

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normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">对人的影响<*N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">造成的损害<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">L=30-65dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">影响程度于心理<***N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">不舒适的感觉；受到干扰的感觉；厌烦的感觉；易怒；被噪声激怒；不能集中精力从事脑力劳动；课堂讲课或作报告接收的信息量降低；工作能力受损，昏昏欲睡。<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">第二噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>L=65-90dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">心理影响大于品级，另外还会影响植物神经的活动<***N lang=EN-US>	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><**N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">唾液分泌减少；胃蠕动频率及幅度增加；心脏悸动量减少（心理压力减少的表现）；血管收缩，动脉末梢的血液阻力增大；脉冲波增加；呼吸加快（新陈代谢加快）；颅内液压增高；脑电波频谱中低频成分加大；大脑皮层功能受到抑制；大脑下皮层功能受到刺激；瞳孔扩大；内分泌系统反应。<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">第三噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>L=90-120dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">心理影响和植物神经的影响均大于第二品级，此外有造成不可恢复的听觉机构损害的危险。<*N lang=EN-US>
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">第四噪声品级<*N lang=EN-US>L>=120dB(B)	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><***N lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><*N style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">经过相当短的声冲击后，就必须考虑内耳遭受的性损伤。<***N lang=EN-US>